【树莓派】树莓派网络配置：静态IP、无线网络、服务等-白红宇

【树莓派】树莓派网络配置：静态IP、无线网络、服务等

阅读量：6118 次

发布时间：2019-06-21

本文共 5904 字，大约阅读时间需要 19 分钟。

一.网络配置之静态IP：

树莓派的默认网络为：

haochuang@raspberrypi:~ $ vi /etc/network/interfaces # interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)# Please note that this file is written to be used with dhcpcd# For static IP, consult /etc/dhcpcd.conf and 'man dhcpcd.conf'# Include files from /etc/network/interfaces.d:source-directory /etc/network/interfaces.dauto loiface lo inet loopbackiface eth0 inet manualallow-hotplug wlan0iface wlan0 inet manual    wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.confallow-hotplug wlan1iface wlan1 inet manual    wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

这个只要插上网线，即可自动获取到dhcp地址；

但如果需要设置为静态IP，则需要简单进行设置一下，如下操作：

haochuang@raspberrypi:~ $ vi /etc/dhcpcd.conf......nohook lookup-hostnameinterface eth0 static ip_address=192.168.21.103/24 static routers=192.168.21.1 static domain_name_servers=61.134.1.4 218.30.19.40

设置完成之后，重启网络

haochuang@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart

二.配置无线网络：

cat /etc/network/interfaces

auto lo    iface lo inet loopback  iface eth0 inet dhcp    #allow-hotplug wlan0  #iface wlan0 inet manual  #wpa-roam /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf  #iface default inet dhcp  auto wlan0  allow-hotplug wlan0  iface wlan0 inet dhcp          wpa-ssid "neu"          wpa-psk  "lucifer_chn"

或者

# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)# Please note that this file is written to be used with dhcpcd# For static IP, consult /etc/dhcpcd.conf and 'man dhcpcd.conf'# Include files from /etc/network/interfaces.d:source-directory /etc/network/interfaces.dauto loiface lo inet loopback#iface eth0 inet manualiface eth0 inet dhcpauto wlan0allow-hotplug wlan0#iface wlan0 inet manual#iface wlan0 inet dhcp#    wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.confiface wlan0 inet static  wpa-ssid "Chinanet"  wpa-psk "CTshi555666"  address 172.27.35.20   netmask 255.255.0.0  gateway 172.27.35.1allow-hotplug wlan1iface wlan1 inet manual    wpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

检查 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf 文件：

country=GBctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdevupdate_config=1network={  ssid="Chinanet"  psk="PWD-CTshi555666-passwd"}

修改之后，重启即可；

补充：

配置无线动态IP：

auto wlan0  allow-hotplug wlan0  iface wlan0 inet dhcp          wpa-ssid "name"          wpa-psk  "passwd"

配置无线静态IP：

auto wlan0allow-hotplug wlan0iface wlan0 inet static  wpa-ssid "name"  wpa-psk "passwd"  address 192.168.11.80  netmask 255.255.255.0  gateway 192.168.11.1

三.增加用户的sudo权限：

为普通用户增加sudo权限的方法，同其他一样，需要修改visudo文件，如下；

haochuang@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo visudo

GNU nano 2.2.6                                                  File: /etc/sudoers.tmp                                                                                                            ## This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root.## Please consider adding local content in /etc/sudoers.d/ instead of# directly modifying this file.## See the man page for details on how to write a sudoers file.#Defaults        env_resetDefaults        mail_badpassDefaults        secure_path="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"# Host alias specification# User alias specification# Cmnd alias specification# User privilege specificationroot    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALLhaochuang ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL# Allow members of group sudo to execute any command%sudo   ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL# See sudoers(5) for more information on "#include" directives:#includedir /etc/sudoers.dpi ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL                                                                                         [ Read 30 lines ]^G Get Help                     ^O WriteOut                     ^R Read File                    ^Y Prev Page                    ^K Cut Text                     ^C Cur Pos^X Exit                         ^J Justify                      ^W Where Is                     ^V Next Page                    ^U UnCut Text                   ^T To Spell

增加其中标红的一行，并Ctrl+X，Yes保存退出；

三.增加自动启动服务：

1.编写自动启动脚本；

haochuang@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo cat /etc/init.d/osprey #!/bin/sh### BEGIN INIT INFO# Provides:          osprey# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5# Default-Stop:      0 1 6# Required-Start: $local_fs# Required-Stop:# chkconfig: 12345 99 05# Short-Description: Start or stop the testapp App.### END INIT INFOstart(){    echo -e "\033[32m start testapp \033[0m"    cd /home/haochuang/webapp/testapp    su lifeccp -c "sh /home/haochuang/webapp/testapp/start --spring.profiles.active=test &"}stop(){    echo -e "\033[32m stop osprey \033[0m"    pkill -f testapp    app_pid=$(pgrep -f testapp)    if [ "${app_pid}" = "" ]; then        echo -e  "\033[32m -=stop testapp finished=- \033[0m"    else        echo -e  "\033[31m -=stop testapp failed=- \033[0m"        kill -9 "${app_pid}"        echo -e  "\033[32m -=kill -9 testapp=- \033[0m"    fi}case $1 instart)    start    ;;stop)    stop    ;;*)    echo -e "\033[32m Usage: $0 (start|stop) \033[0m"    ;;esac

注意上面脚本中的\033[0m，其实是在为服务控制指令加色，想了解详细，可参考后面"其他"的补充描述；

2.增加到 /etc/init.d中，并修改增加可执行权限；